Hardness in drinking water.
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Hardness of drinking-water and cardiovascular disease.
In the past 10 years or so evidence has been accumulating about an environmental factor which appears to be influencing mortality in particular, cardiovascular mortality and this is the hardness of the drinking-water. There is an inverse association between indices of water hardness and cardiovascular death rates ; the softer the drinking-water the higher the death rates. This association has b...
متن کاملAsurvey on fluoride, nitrate, iron, manganese and total hardness in drinking water of Fereydoonkenar city during 2008-2013
The purpose of present study was to evaluate fluoride, nitrate, iron, manganese and total hardness in drinking water of wells and reservoirs in Fereidonkenar, Mazandaran, Northern Iran and compare the results with national and international standards. This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on data during five years from the spring of 2008 until the autumn of 2013. Studies were p...
متن کاملFirst report on the association of drinking water hardness and endothelial function in children and adolescents
INTRODUCTION This study aims to investigate the relationship of water hardness and its calcium and magnesium content with endothelial function in a population-based sample of healthy children and adolescents. MATERIAL AND METHODS This case-control study was conducted in 2012 among 90 individuals living in two areas with moderate and high water hardness in Isfahan County, Iran. The flow-mediat...
متن کاملWHO water quality standards Vs Synergic effect(s) of fluoride, heavy metals and hardness in drinking water on kidney tissues
Despite WHO standards, waterborne diseases among the human being are rising alarmingly. It is known that the prolong exposure to contaminated water has major impact on public health. The effect of chemical contaminations in drinking water on human being is found to be chronic rather than acute and hence can be defined "consumption of contaminated drinking water could be a silent killer". As the...
متن کاملDrinking Water Hardness and Cardiovascular Diseases: a Review of the Epidemiological Studies 1979-2004
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the main causes of mortality and morbidity in the industrialised countries and their main risk factors are hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol abuse, dietary habits and physical inactivity (1, 2). However, these classic factors do not entirely explain the variability of CVD mortality in different countries. In order to better understand the dete...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Eisei kagaku
سال: 1988
ISSN: 0013-273X
DOI: 10.1248/jhs1956.34.475